Practical research assignment report outline Literature review

Down to earth research task report layout - Literature survey Example Today there are in excess of 10 million possums in Northland alone (Northland Regional Council, 2014). The populace has expanded for the most part attributable to the non-presence of any regular predators of this nuisance. Studies have been done to comprehend the effect of possum pervasion and fecal examination of the nuisances has demonstrated proof of winged animal predation particularly local backwoods flying creatures. Possums are a significant danger to nearby winged creatures, for example, the kokako and kukupa (Landcare Research, 2014). Possums are likewise a significant danger to the vegetation of New Zealand. It is evaluated that possums feed on very nearly 21,000 tons of vegetation each and every day (Landcare Research, 2014). Stoats are individuals from the Mustelid family which additionally incorporates weasels and ferrets. By 1880, New Zealand, had just experienced issues destructive vermin, for example, bunnies and rabbits. Stoats were imported from Britain and presented in New Zealand as natural control for bunnies. Today, stoats are broad in many pieces of New Zealand and have themselves become mammalian bugs. They are amazingly versatile to any everyday environments where they may discover food (Dept. Of Conservation Te Papa Atawhai, 2014). Stoats are a significant worry since they are a characteristic predator of a few local winged creatures of New Zealand, for example, the shrubbery canary (yellow head) and kaka. They pulverize the homes of the flying creatures as well as feed on their eggs and nestlings. This has prompted sharp decrease in the number of inhabitants in these timberland winged animals. In New Zealand three sorts of rodents the basic rodent, Pacific rodent and kiore rodent have been presented. Kiore rodents were presented by the Maori as wellspring of food. Anyway today, rodents represent a significant danger to the biodiversity of New Zealand since they feed on winged creatures, fledgling eggs and other little spineless creatures, for example, reptiles. Utilization of synthetics to oversee bugs has been end up being effective. In 2011, a proficient and others conscious toxicant Para-aminopropiophenone was presented. This

Sisterly Love Essay Example for Free

Careful Love Essay In Bernhard Frank’s artistic analysis, â€Å"Sophocles’ Antigone†, he presents the peruser with components of flawed thought process and inbreeding, not promptly observed by most. Straightforward basically accepts that Antigone’s evident desire to die originates from being the â€Å"ill-destined bride† (line 801) not of Haemon, but instead, of her expired sibling, Polyneices. Straight to the point says that, â€Å"it is as the lady of her killed sibling that Antigone may see herself† (Frank, pg1). Blunt utilizations Antigone’s lack of interest to Haemon and exorbitant love of her sibling as help for his contention. Forthcoming recommends that it is sensible to anticipate that Antigone should need to live to turn into the lady of the hour of Haemon. He says it would likewise be sensible to anticipate that Antigone should want for death in the event that she were the expected lady of the hour for Polyneices. Straight to the point goes much further with his interbreeding hypothesis in inferring that Antigone has depraved affections for her sister, Ismene. He makes reference to that the chorale in the play analyzes Antigone to her dad, â€Å"the brutal girl of a vicious father† (line 430) and that Creon says, â€Å"if she triumphs/and goes unpunished, I am no man-she is† (lines 439-440). Franks accepts that Oedipus had wrong expressions of love for his little girls and that Antigone, similar to her dad supposedly did, has an unreasonable love for Ismene. Plain brings up, that at long last when Ismene offers her help, Antigone turns her down and insults her as one may do an abandoned d arling. Candid feels that since Ismene has sold out her, Antigone is even more prepared to join her sibling in death. This is a genuinely elegantly composed article. Straight to the point utilizes a couple of explicit models and statements that make his contention justifiable, perhaps even convincing. Be that as it may, his is utilization of terms, for example, â€Å"may† and â€Å"could†, make the peruser question his responsibility for hypothesis. Apparently he is asking the peruser to simply think about his line of deduction, instead of truly convincing the peruser to accept as he does. So while Frank’s contention is positively intriguing, and will probably make a peruser stop and think about his hypothesis, it isn't probably going to prevail upon many. He just offers a couple of instances of why he feels as he does, and these models could without much of a stretch be deciphered in an unexpected way. Antigone’s detachment to her pledged isn't really demonstrative of her depraved love of her sibling, however just of her absence of genuine love for Haemon. Because she should wed him, doesn't imply that she needed to. She was embarrassed and terrified of the revile put on her family, and needed to get away from that. Wedding her cousin/uncle was positively not the best approach to end the family revile. Antigone’s treatment of her sister Ismene, isn't that of an abandoned darling, as Frank proposes, yet simply the hurt and outrage that her sister didn't decide to help her in any case. She didn’t need to share the brilliance that the divine beings would positively present to her with her undeserving sister. This was an occasion of kin competition, and Antigone was going about as a ruined youngster, yet not an abandoned sweetheart. Frank’s contention that Antigone resembling her dad is proof that she had perverted affections for her kin is ludicrous. While Oedipus committed inbreeding with his mom, he didn't realize she was his mom when he wedded her. Antigone has known her kin her whole life, and is exceptionally certain that she fears the family revile set moving by her dad, and needs to be free from it. Antigone might be solid willed like her dad, and may even have some manly attributes, for that timespan (tough ladies today are not viewed as manly), however that doesn't rise to inbreeding. Frank’s hypothesis is surely intriguing, worth considering and unquestionably reason for conversation. Notwithstanding, there sufficiently isn’t proof to back him up, and the proof he has is fortuitous, best case scenario. Works Cited Candid, Bernhard. â€Å"Sophocles’ Antigone†. Explicator 56.4 (1998): 170. Abstract Reference Center Plus. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. Sophocles. â€Å"Antigone†. Trans. David Grene. The Norton Introduction to Literature. Eds. Alison Booth and Kelly J. Mays. tenth ed. New York: Norton, 2010. Print. 1493.

The President Makes Grammatical Errors Too! Tenet vs. Tenant and Obamas Tucson Speech

The President Makes Grammatical Errors Too! Tenet vs. Tenant and Obamas Tucson Speech I got an email from my friend Seth Nowak on January 13, 2011 reporting, “Obama said ‘tenent’ in his speech last night.   One term president.” The speech to which Seth was referring is the moving, poignant speech Obama delivered following the shooting rampage in Tucson.   Obviously Seth was joking to me, The Essay Expert, that a small error like mixing up “tenet” with “tenant” would affect (not effect) Obama’s approval rating. Just a few days before, I had corrected Seth when he said “tenent” (or “tenant” he was speaking not writing, so I can’t be sure) when he meant “tenet.”   Thus he could not help but notice Obama’s slip of tongue. To clarify, “tenet” means “any opinion, principle, doctrine, dogma, etc., esp. one held as true by members of a profession, group, or movement.” A tenant, on the other hand, is a person, a group of persons, or an entity occupying a space, usually a rental space (my definition). “Tenent” is not a word in modern English, though in the interests of full disclosure, it is listed on dictionary.com as “Obs.” (Obsolete).   It does not appear anywhere in the dictionary on my shelf, Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary (copyright 1987, the year I headed to college â€" and if that’s not obsolete, I don’t know what is). Obama’s spoken sentence was as follows: “They were fulfilling a central tenant[sic] of the democracy envisioned by our founders.” The transcriber was kind to our President.  The text “tenant[sic]” does not appear in the transcription; instead, the official version in The New York Times reads, “They were fulfilling a central tenet.” The day before Obama’s speech, I had put “tenant/tenet” on my list of Top 10 Grammatical Errors of 2011 (scheduled for publication in December 2011).   Why?   Because inside of one week in January, not including Obama’s speech, I heard “tenant” used incorrectly twice: once by Seth as reported above, and once in a draft of a law school application essay.   I won’t quote that essay here for reasons of confidentiality, but here’s an example of a sentence in a draft law school application essay I received a year ago: “The general tenants of my thesis was that developing a national childcare system would contribute to the economy and better the lives of all Canadians.” This sentence has two problems:   First, she meant “tenet”; and second, even if “tenants” were correct, the verb “was” is singular whereas “tenants” is plural.  This client was not accepted into any Canadian law schools, despite the fact that her errors were corrected.   She did get accepted in England. The moral of the story:   If you want to get into law school, or be elected for a second term, get straight about the difference between “tenet” and “tenant.”   I understand that “n” sound just wants to come out somehow, but try to keep it in check. So what do you think?   One term or two?   Perhaps that’s really the important question here.

Food Is Cheap, At Least Compared With 4 Years Ago By Dan...

Summary The article that I did was â€Å"Food is Cheap, At Least compared with 4 years ago† by Dan Charles. This article is about how the global food price index is going down, and has fallen to its lowest level in the last four years. It is saying that a lot of different foods are getting cheaper like grains, vegetable oils, sugar, and dairy products. So that means that CPI should decrease now since a family will be spending less money on those products. The only place where the prices are not falling is in the meat industry especially in the beef industry. That is because the supply for beef was decreased after a drought made the suppliers want to decrease the size of the herd. That in turn caused the producers of the beef to have expectations that the future was going to be bleak for them. So they decided to not spend as much in their planned investments. Now because of these past decisions; when the market rebounded it the supply was down. Another plus in the market that is currently happening in the U.S. right now is that the food industry is having harvests of corn and soybean that will break the records in the overall production and yield per acre. This has caused the grain prices to fall by almost half. This makes the producers of pork, poultry, and beef very happy. Their PPI has gone down, so they are getting their things that they need to feed their animals cheaply. Then they are selling their animals at a very high rate, higher than normalShow MoreRelatedDollar to Fall as World Currency12311 Words   |  50 PagesViewer discretion is advised. Hello. My name is Porter Stansberry. A little over ten years ago I founded Stansberry Associates Investment Research. It has become one of the largest and most recognized investment research companies in the world, serving hundreds of thousands of subscribers in more than 120 countries. You may know of our firm because of the work we did over the last several years – helping investors avoid the big disasters associated with Wall Street s collapse. WeRead MoreCase Studies: Sas Airline Ryanair80169 Words   |  321 PagesHow did the deregulation of air transportation in Europe foster entrepreneurial behavior and innovation in the European airline industry over the last twenty years? Case studies: SAS Airline Ryanair Master Thesis in Entrepreneurship and Dynamic Business Contexts Spring 2007 Supervisor: Hà ¥kan Bohman Entrepreneurship Master Program Authors:
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Theology of Missions - 1707 Words

THEOLOGY OF MISSIONS A Paper Presented to Dr. James B. King Liberty Theological Seminary In partial fulfillment Of the requirements of GLST 500 By Linda Priddy-Hundley February 28.2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ii Old Testament Texts Relating to Missions 1 New Testament Texts Relating to Missions 2 The Nature of God and Missions 3 Two Aspects of Missions Theology: Ecclesiology and the Trinity 4 Two Key Motifs of Mission Theology 5 Mission Theology and a Missionary, Church Leaders, and Lay People 6 Bibliography 7 i Introduction†¦show more content†¦8 ------------------------------------------------- After the conversion of St. Paul, he began to preach to the surrounding Gentile nations, planting churches in many places. 7 Ibid, Moreau, 112-113 8 Acts 2, 10, 13 2 The Nature of God and Missions Referring again to the Latin term Missio Dei, translates to â€Å"a sending God† or â€Å"God’s mission† that everything originates in God, including missions. We must realize that His character and attributes are who He is, and God’s mission everything He does to establish His kingdom on earth.9 The nature of God seem to be centered around 1) His law and righteousness and 2) His mercy and salvation through Jesus. His desire is to see people from every race and nation come to Him; this is where the church is challenged to help make this happen through missions. ------------------------------------------------- God’s mission is not different from His nature. This is shown from the calling of Abraham, choosing Israel to witness of Him, sending â€Å"volunteers† as mentioned is the Old Testament section above, the coming of the Messiah, and sending the Holy Spirit to start the church in Jerusalem, the beginning of the Church Age. 9 Ibid, Moreau, 73 3 TwoShow MoreRelatedTheology of Missions2716 Words   |  11 PagesLIBERTY UNIVERSITY BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY Theology of Missions Submitted to Dr. Jeff Brawner, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of the course GLST 500 – D08 Global Studies Survey By Boyd Ouden November 29, 2015 Contents Old Testament and New Testament Texts Related to Missions 3 How God Relates to the Mission field 5 Themes and Patterns of Mission Theology 5 Understanding God through Suffering 5 Evangelizing in the Midst of SufferingRead MoreThe Church Mission : A Theology Of Mission839 Words   |  4 PagesThe church mission began with the love of God for the people. According to John 3:16 For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish, but have eternal life. God sent his Son out to the world to reconcile the people back to him. The key to theology of mission is man relationship to God and obedience to his will. According to global ministries, Mission is the story of God’s dealing with the world. It is the heart of Scripture, churchRead MoreMission Theology Of The Bible1203 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction To understand â€Å"Mission Theology† we first have separate the two words. Mission is the vocation or calling of a religion organization, especially a Christian one, to go out into the world and spread its faith (Oxford Dictionaries). Theology is the study of God or the study of the nature of God and the relationship between the human and divine. In the textbook we use for class which is called â€Å"Introducing World Missions† we are told that the word â€Å"missions† (which ending with the letterRead MoreTheology of Missions Paper1440 Words   |  6 PagesA PAPER SUBMITTED TO IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COURSE Theology of Missions Paper ICST 500 BY TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction------------------------------------------------------------------1 Encountering Missions in the Old and New Testament-----------1 Mission Theology----------------------------------------------------------4 Effecting the People-------------------------------------------------------4 Conclusion------------------------------------------------------------------5 Read MoreImportance Of Practical Theology And Short Term Missions Essay1773 Words   |  8 Pagesfirst few pages to state the overview of the chapter. 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I will summarize how Escobars overall theological contribution either expands or challenges the theological perspectives ofRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Trinity And Missions1323 Words   |  6 PagesThe doctrine of the Trinity and missions is articulated in Scripture. This section will demonstrate from Scripture that the Trinity and missions is essential to understanding God’s plan and purpose for global missions. The trinity is seen in the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit all involved in some aspect of sending. As stated above, God is a God of love and compassion and who is concerned to provide a way to reconcile sinners to Himself in order that He may be glorified by people from every tribe,Read MoreExegesis Of Evangelism And Evangelism Essay1485 Words   |  6 Pagesmedia as the conduit. However, this mission of evangelism is not initiated or done by Church; the church is joining God in the missio Dei (God’s mission). 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Markey, OP on October 12, 2015, at the Catholic Theological Union auditorium had highlighted essential insights and realizations regarding mission and culture in the cultural contextRead MoreLetter Sample Essay757 Words   |  4 Pages I am enthusiastic to apply for the Theology and Religious Studies Chair at the College of St. Scholastica. I am Dean of the Master of Arts in Religion (MAR) program at Community of Christ Seminary, Graceland University in Lamoni, Iowa. As Dean, I am an experienced teacher and collaborative administrator. I teach online graduate courses in theology and Christian ethics, as well as face-to-face undergraduate courses in religion on our residential campus. I am academic advisor for our MAR students

The Two Best Job Searching Methods Free Essays

There is no doubt that people who want to have a good life dream of a good job. Although it may seem us easy to find a job, people have to struggle so much for having a good job because of great competition about accept top position even average positions. There are various ways to find a job such as internet, direct application, newspapers, using connections or friends, networking. We will write a custom essay sample on The Two Best Job Searching Methods or any similar topic only for you Order Now In my opinion internet and networking are the two most of effective ways a finding a job. Internet is a constitution that is infinitely useful and serviceable when it used effective and correctly. Internet is a wide network what spans the world. It contains a lot of recruitment agencies, cooperation websites, association sites, newsletters and freelance job options and in the present day access to internet very easily. This also provides an opportunity to become an impressive job searching. Based on The Conference Board report , newspapers and online ads are used by 70% of all job seekers for recruitment (2006)p1. It was established a lot of websites in order to bring together job searchers with employers such as secretcv. com, kariyer. net, yenibiris. com, monster. com. All over the world engagement agencies are accepted by companies and employers. Nowadays, most of company advertise only this websites, and choose their workers by means of who appealed this websites with their CV. Especially large companies are not permit direct application for many positions. Another effective job searching method is networking. Communication and relations compose the basis of the network because many jobs are never advertised. Networking also comprises not only business networking websites but also friendships, exhibitions, shows, seminars, training. Firstly, let’s consider business networking websites such as linekedin. com, bni. com. Their aim is create a platform where professionals from all kinds of different industries can meet up, find jobs, new assignments, cooperation partners, experts and generate business ideas. With more people getting online now, business networking sites are attracting a great deal of attention for their role in bolstering professional relationships and facilitating new connections. Secondly, some companies organize seminars thus they explain about their business and accept graduated or students who suitable in order to their business. In this way more and more people are employed. According to Goodman, networking is the leader of job searching because it is on the success of 50% regarded in generally (2009)p2. I believe that networking is a giant world in its own right. How to cite The Two Best Job Searching Methods, Essay examples

The Oil And Petrodollar Connection to the Recent Military Conflict free essay sample

The Future of the Dollar as a Petrodollar. In this paper, I intend to assess the validity of claims that there is a definite connection between the petrodollar and recent military conflicts. I will also look at why the United States needs to keep the dollar as the global reserve currency to secure their global hegemony for the future and what other contenders for the role of reserve currency are emerging. The Petrodollar Connection with the Recent Military Conflict in Iraq There is a history of violence related to oil. A major example of this is World War Two. In 1945, Albert Speer, the German Armaments minister told his Allied forces captors that â€Å"the need for oil was certainly a prime motive† for Hitler to invade Russia even though Hitler had told the German people that the motive was to â€Å"save the western world† from barbaric and godless communists (Black, 2007). Now with the trade of oil linked so closely to the hegemony of the US, this history of violence is set to continue. We will write a custom essay sample on The Oil And Petrodollar Connection to the Recent Military Conflict or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After World War Two, world leaders met at Bretton Woods to negotiate a new international monetary system. The front runners in the negotiations were the United States and the United Kingdom. John Maynard Keynes, the UK’s leading economist, called for more realist policies and believed that no national currency would be strong enough to be the global reserve currency. He suggested that a new currency would be created (which he called ‘bancor’) and that it would be administered by a world central bank. This did not fit in with the policies of the US and their leading economist Harry Dexter. The World War had left many countries in debt and the UK was no exception. The UK had borrowed money from the US in order to fund their participation in the war. Therefore, the US was able to get their way when it came to the matter of negotiating the future of the global currency at Bretton Woods. The US dollar became the global reserve currency at a price linked to gold. While the US did compromise on some matters, this was one thing they did not. This shows how important having the dollar as the leading currency in the international monetary system is to the US (O’Brien amp; Williams, 2010). While the US dollar is no longer linked to gold due to President Nixon breaking the link when a problem called the ‘Triffin Dilemma’ was uncovered, where there would not be enough gold to cover the amount of dollars there were outside of the US, the US dollar still remains as the global reserve currency to this day and the US have shown that they are prepared to use extreme measures in order for it to stay this way. From the 1970s when the link to gold was cut, the US dollar became an oil-backed currency. Many argue that this provides reason for the US to use extreme measures such as military intervention in oil producing countries (Clark, 2005). One of the key factors keeping the dollar as the global reserve currency is its unique position as ‘petrodollar’. This means that transactions for oil are made using the dollar. Through the process of petrodollar recycling, the US is able to sustain yearly current account deficits and fund its military supremacy amongst other things. So it is therefore important to the US to keep the dollar as the currency used to trade oil. After the cold war, Europe became more united and eventually a single monetary zone was created along with the euro currency. Before this, there was not another currency that could challenge the dollar to its throne of global reserve currency. On the 24th September 2000, Saddam Hussein announced after a meeting of his government that Iraq would begin the transition from using the dollar for its oil transactions to using the euro currency. This caused the US to make plans to ensure that this did not happen and to keep the dollar as the currency Iraq, one of the biggest oil producing countries in the world, used to sell oil (Clark, 2005). In 2003, the US military invaded Iraq under the pretence of them stockpiling Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs). As a UN report later concluded, there were no such WMDs present in Iraq (BBC News, 2005). William R. Clark argues that the real reason the US invaded Iraq was to secure the dollar’s global dominance (2005). It is of vital importance to the US economy to keep the dollar in its dominant position within the international monetary system. While countries keep large reserves of dollars, this effectively provides the US with free imported goods and services. Without this input, the US economy will struggle. Their central bank will have to start building up foreign currency reserves such as the euro which would mean trouble for their attempts at monetary management. The US would lose their subsidy of effectively free goods and services and the value of the dollar will come down dramatically (Gokay, 2004). This means that there is much more at stake in the Iraq war than publicised by the US government. It’s not just a fight against terrorism, or a fight to keep the US supplied with the oil it needs to continue its lavish lifestyle. It is a fight to keep the US in the position to have its debts denominated in its own currency that it has enjoyed for around 40 years. It is a war against Europe as well as it is a war against Iraq to try and see off the euro’s challenge to the dollar (Gokay, 2004). While it may have been the principal objective behind the Iraq war, securing the dollar’s position is not the only advantage the US gains from controlling the oil in Iraq. Firstly, it would mean they would control the oil supplied to Europe. This will ensure Europe’s loyalty to the US. Zbigniew Brzezinski warns in his book The Grand Chessboard (1997) of how a truly united Eurasia would be a major threat to US hegemony. This is because Eurasia is one of the biggest land masses, and is where much of the world’s supply of oil either comes from, or goes through. The economy of Eurasia would soon surpass that of the US and in turn, the military power will as well. If the US controls the oil to Europe then they will be able to control political decisions in Europe especially regarding relationships with countries in the Middle-East and the Far-East. Also, China is emerging as a potential major competitor with the US. At the moment China is going through what could be described as their ‘Industrial Revolution’ and are demanding large supplies of oil to power it. If the US controls the supply of oil to China at this stage, they could at least profit from their excessive use of oil, if not slow their growth down to stop China’s economy catching up with theirs. In December 2007, Iran the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC’s) second largest member, had ceased trading its oil for US dollars. Instead it now trades its oil for most other major currencies with the euro being the predominant currency (Reuters, 2007). If we assume for now that the US did in fact invade Iraq to ensure they continue trading oil in dollars, you have to wonder what the US will do now Iran has stopped trading oil in dollars. It was a lot easier in the case of Iraq because they did not have the capability to strike the US with a WMD such as a nuclear weapon. The US could invade Iraq and only risk the lives of a very small minority of its citizens. Things are completely different in the case of Iran. This is because Iran has a much stronger military and could inflict a lot more damage to the US. Also, experts believe that it would only take a few months for them to build a nuclear weapon (BBC News, 2011a). This leaves the US in a difficult position as an attack on Iran to secure its oil would be too risky. The heart of Eurasia, the Caspian – Caucasus region, is geopolitically a very tense region. This is where the different social, political and economic traditions of Russia, Turkey, Iran and the Shiite and Sunni of the Islamic world all meet. However, this is the region which will be vital to the future of oil production due to its vast unexploited oil potential and the decreasing production of the North Sea and Alaska’s North Slope regions (Gokay, 1999). If the US can control the oil in this region, then this should secure the dollar’s position as the leading international currency for the foreseeable future. The geopolitics of this region is one of the main reasons for Iran to ask buyers of their oil for payment in euros instead of dollars. There is ongoing tension between Iran and Israel and with the US being the main source of Israel’s financial and political support, Iran wants to punish the US. Switching their oil trade to euros is a much more effective punishment for the US than an oil embargo (Gokay, 2004). Other Contenders to the Dollar’s Throne Paul Krugman (1995) speaks of the six roles of the dollar (See ‘Table 1’ below). They are based on Cohen’s 1971 model. Firstly the dollar is a medium of exchange or ‘vehicle’ in private transactions or an ‘intervention’ currency in official use as it is brought and sold by central banks. It is also a unit of account with many trade contracts being denominated in dollars making it an ‘invoice’ currency or a ‘peg’ as the par values for exchange rates are often stated in terms of the dollar. Finally, it is a store of value. For private agents it has a ‘banking’ role as they hold liquid dollar-denominated assets and for central banks it is a ‘reserve’ (Krugman, 1995). Table 1: Roles of an International Currency (Krugman, 1995) For a currency to take over from the dollar as the leading international currency, it will need to be able to fulfil all of the above roles. Looking at the first role, a medium of exchange for private actors, we can see that there is currently increased, yet still distant competition from other currencies. To fulfil this role a currency needs to have economies of scale. Back in 1978, Kubarych said â€Å"Since the dollar is the main currency for international trade and investment the dollar market for each currency is much more active than between any pair of foreign currencies. By going through the dollar, large amounts can be traded more easily† (Kubarych, 1978). At its peak, 95% of international trade was conducted in dollars. However, now this has fallen to around 55%. Even though there has been a rather dramatic decline in the denomination of international trade conducted using dollars, the euro is still a rather distant second and other currencies such as the British Pound, Japanese Yen amp; Chinese Yuan are even further behind in the field (Turk, 2011). One of the other most important roles for an international currency is it’s store of value as a ‘reserve’ held by foreign central banks. Table 2: Share of national currencies in total identified official holdings of foreign exchange, end of year (In percent)(IMF, 2010) As you can see from ‘Table 2’ on the previous page, accessed from the IMF Annual Report 2010, the percentage of dollars being held by other countries is slowly falling while that of the euro is increasing, meaning the dollar is starting to see competition from the euro in the role of ‘reserve’ as well as its role of a medium of exchange. Although, as you can see from ‘Table 2’, the euro still has a long way to go to overtake the dollar. There have been previous occasions when there was a scare that the dollar would be overtaken by a rival currency, once in the late 1970s and again in the early 1990s. However these scares were premature. However, this time around things could be different because of the existence of the euro as a plausible rival. Menzie Chinn amp; Jeffery Frankel state in their 2005 study that the euro could overtake the dollar as the top reserve currency by as early as 2020. They say in order for this to happen the countries within the EU who are not currently using the euro (including the UK) need to adopt the euro as their currency. Or even if not all of these countries adopt the euro, the dollar could still be overtaken if the US government continues to depreciate its value (Chinn amp; Frankel, 2005). Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) are another contender to the throne of the dollar. SDRs are allocated to member states of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) at a low cost. They do not represent a currency, but can be exchanged for the currencies of the IMF members. China has been the main driving force behind the push for SDRs to replace the dollar as the international reserve currency. While Chinn amp; Frankel (2008) argue that the euro is the main contender to the throne of the dollar, China believes that a reserve currency that is not connected to economic conditions and sovereign interests of any single country is needed. Also, accumulating a foreign-exchange exposure is another cost to countries of having a national currency as the leading international currency (Humpage, 2009). Conclusion I believe the best way forward for the world economy would be to switch to using a basket of currencies or something along the lines of SDRs instead of having the dollar as the leading international currency. We have seen the troubles of having the dollar as the reserve currency in the recent global financial crisis. It is a classic example of the saying â€Å"when America sneezes, the whole world catches a cold†. America’s economy was in trouble and this rippled through most of the globe. This was partly down to the vast amount of dollars the rest of the world has to keep in reserve in order to keep their economies stable. If we were using a non-national currency as a global reserve currency then I believe the recent global financial crisis would not have been as hard hitting. This, I believe, is because the monetary policies the US had to put into place to stabilise their economy made the dollars that countries held in their reserves worth less. However, I do not believe that the US will allow any other currency, be it another national currency or a non-national currency, take the dollars throne. This is because it would not be long after the dollar loosing its position as the leading international currency that the US would loose their hegemonic position. While having something like SDRs or Adam Smith’s ‘bancor’ as the global reserve currency would probably be better for the world economy, if the US was ever in a position where it was going to loose it’s hegemonic position, with the destructive power that it possesses, I don’t think it would go without a fight.

The Rain Forests Medical Treasures essays

The Rain Forests Medical Treasures essays For many years now, scientist have been scouring tropical rain forests for botanical extracts that could cure some of the deadliest diseases. In 1967 Robin Foster discovered a tree that never flowered. After three years of studying this species of tree, it finally flowered. All at once the trees produced an array of light yellow and pink flowers. Unfortunately, these trees all died within a year of their flowering and fruiting. Robin also discovered that as soon as the tree flowered it was attacked by insects and wood-decaying fungi. It was odd that these trees could live for decades and never come under such a sudden attack. This species of tree is known as Tachigali versicolor. The logical reason for the assaults is that the tree was diverting the energy it once used to defend itself in order to flower and fruit. As soon as the tree let down its guard or defenses it was subject to attack. The Tachigali tree produces an anti-fungal compound. The people of the Amazon rain forest use it to treat fungal skin infections. The extract is how the tree protects itself until it flowers. Amazon people are not the only people who use plants for medicinal purposes, people all over the world have been transforming chemicals from plants into medicines. Most of todays drugs come from plants. However, some plant chemicals can be deadly in high dosages. Medicinal plants can be found in practically any part of the world, but the best place to find them is in the rain forest. Rain forests have more variety and diversity in one place than anywhere else. Besides finding different types of flowers and plants, researchers have also found a variety of defensive plant chemicals. Anti-AIDS and anti-tumor properties have come from these chemicals. I think its great that humans are looking into less destructive ways to save our species. Its good to know that they arent chopping these trees down and killing them. R...

Case Study Analysis

Case Study Analysis Case Study Analysis Case Study Analysis One of the frequently assigned college assignments is writing case study. Read the following casestudy analysis tipsand learn how to write a case study analysis. Usually, case study analysis is based on specific situation. You are required to analyze the given situation, to solve the presented problems, and offer a recommendation. Sometimes, you are required to consult textbook and relevant articles to support your personal opinion. The purpose of case study writing assignment is to check your theoretical knowledge and an ability to apply gained knowledge to real-life situations. Secondary sources can be from historical documents, photographs, tape recordings and even statistical information. Many students do not understand that literary, historical, scientific or sociological sources are difference in essence and should be used with careful referencing. Case study analysis writing is easy with our help: Critical Essay Writing While citing secondary sources, you have to include in-text citation and bibliography entry. Endnotes are the most desirable referencing technique for case study analysis writing. Endnotes do not distort the flow of your ideas and make a reference to the source. Your tutor will definitely appreciate if you approach him for clarification. Placing an order at .com, you receive custom written case study analysis which meets all of the requirements set by the tutor. Critical essay writing requires deep understanding of the problem and an ability to analyze the situation, to apply critical thinking skills, and draw logical conclusion. Not all students are able to cope with critical essay writing assignment and seek professional assistance. We offer custom paper writing help to those students who struggle with their academic assignments. Writing Critical Essay What is the first step of case study analysis? The first step of critical case study analysis is reading of the case itself. You should be ready to read it more than twice. The first reading is done for acquaintance only. The second reading is done to identify the key players (people), to underline the problems, to make some notes and comments, and to get a detailed perception of the situation. Case study analysis writing is a challenge because you cannot simply express your opinion, you have to support it with examples from recent publications. Every idea you include should be supported with reliable evidence. Custom writing help is a solution for busy students. Do not hesitate to place an order and you will be very surprised with the high quality. Read more: Draft Essay Rough Pay For Essay Need a Professional Essay Essay Editing Editorial Essay Topics

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 16

Human Resource Management - Essay Example Implementation of organization policies, employee activities, and decision made by HR managers affect outcomes. The outcome is thus determined by the ability of the human resource management to make appropriate decisions. This paper focuses on steps in the strategic human resource management process. The paper will use TESCO as an example to illustrate and discuss three theoretical perspectives on the nature of HR strategy and demonstrate how the contribution of people to the organization might be understood and enhanced. In the late 1980’s, organizations realized the crucial role of employees as a capital asset in achieving the organizational goal. This led to identification of human resource management practices such as recruitment, training, and career development as significant in enabling an organization to compete effectively. In the contemporary world, organizations are increasingly acknowledging the significance of strategic human resource management. Organizations are taking human resource management practices more seriously due to the realization of the importance of humans in organization success. Strategic human resource management entails creating an appropriate work environment to ensure that employees perform their best toward achieving the organizational goals. Strategic human Resource Management is part of HRM that focuses on issues that affect people working within an organization. Strategic human resource management is beneficial to an organization since it leads to increase in skills possessed by employees by equipping them with the knowledge to deal with problems that arise within and outside the organization but affect the organization. Moreover, it leads to increased competitiveness of an organization. Additionally, strategic HRM encourages organization to develop dynamic organization structures and create more complex business environment to continue competing

Language, Acquisition, and Teaching Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Language, Acquisition, and Teaching - Essay Example This highlights the lively discourse pertinent to the process of language acquisition, specifically, when dealing with the issue of first language acquisition vis-a-vis second language acquisition. In this context, this research will delve on two significant issues, namely, â€Å"How far can the process of first language acquisition be taken as a model for the acquisition of a second language? What are the implications for the second language teachers?† For purposes of limitation and clarification, for this study the term â€Å"first language† pertains to the native language of a person, which has been acquired without undergoing formal learning processes to acquire the language, since it is the mother tongue of the person. It is the language the child learns from his/her parents, family, relatives, and from others (Yaz?c?, Ilter, and Glover, 2010). On the other hand, second language is another language acquired by the person, aside from her mother tongue. Second langua ge is a language learnt after the first language and it is often contrasted with ‘foreign’ in terms of function and location (Cook 2006; 2008). For example, a four-year-old Indonesian child who speaks Bahasa Indonesia at home, while the child’s family reside in Netherlands, and therefore she studies Dutch. As such, the child is acquiring SL. On the other hand, a four-year-old Indonesian child whose family resides in Indonesia, speaks Bahasa Indonesia, studies Bahasa Indonesia in school; is therefore developing FLA alone. This distinction serves as a guide in understanding these two terms as it is used in the entire research. The paper recognises the broadness of the offered connotations of first language and second language. Nonetheless, what is essential is that through the minimal distinction provided between the two concepts, a parameter is set, thus, enabling the possibility of distinction between FLA and SLA. In addition, the paper also defines language acqu isition as the subconscious process of developing language ability and that it is fostered in a non-threatening environment (Krashen, 1981). On the other hand, language learning is also a process of developing language ability, however, it occurs in academic setting and there is a conscious effort in knowing the syntax and semantics of a particular language (Krashen 1981). From this perspective, the paper asserts that aside from chronology and contrast with the term ‘foreign’, second language acquisition (SLA) is a process wherein the person as a student in an academic setting learns another language. It is a conscious endeavour to acquire a second language aside from one’s mother tongue. In this regard, the necessity of a shared framework between first language acquisition (FLA) and second language acquisition (SLA) becomes feasible as it offers the paradigm in which FLA becomes the initial framework in which sense and meaning of the second language is apprehend ed. In this regard, second language teachers are challenged to recognise not only the academic, language, and cognitive development of the learner, but they also have to learn to factor the socio-economic and cultural processes and other affective factors that influence the person as she goes though SLA.

Human Resource Management in Healthcare

Human Resource Management in Healthcare Anna Marie Bià ±as BUSINESS FACTORS THAT UNDERPINS HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING IN HEALTHCARE ORGANISATION I.I BUSINESS GROWTH In order for an organisation to succeed, it needs to have a â€Å"map†, that will give direction to the business, and this is the strategic plan created by experts in human resource management. The human resource department needs to clearly understand where the organisation is headed. Familiarisation with the strategy, vision and values is essential for them to make HR strategies that can support business growth and development. Human resource managers need to work hard to show that well-thought out people can play a critical role in structuring the high performance the organisation needs to uphold a long term growth. Human resource department must have a full awareness of what is going on inside the organisation from knowing the number of staffs to the type of available skills, so they can make strategies that can fully utilise the abilities of the employees to support the growth of the business. It is significant that the organisation is flexible to change. As the business prosper, it’s important not to be too much attached to the previous strategies used and let go of the aspects of the organisation that no longer in line with its vision. I.II DECLINE Business decline is an indication that an organisation has poor performance and different areas need to be evaluated to determine what needs to be improved. When the business is not prospering the most common response of the HR department is to reduce its workforce. However, the consequences of this type of scheme can be very distressing for the employee, their families and the whole communities. While workforce reduction is sometimes inevitable, there are reasons why it should be the last resort when managing business decline. For example, after a yearly audit to a particular rest home, the results show that number of residents died because of infection and falls increased tremendously and so with cases of medication error resulting to decrease number or admissions for that year. The HR managers can used those results to devised programs like Health and Safety Seminars, Medication Competency, Infection Control Programs for the staffs instead of reducing the workforce. I.III CHANGE Flexibility and adaptability are traits that an organisation should have. The organisation should be able to adapt to the constant change that occurs in the market. The human resource management plan should contain procedures, standards, policies and processes that are not too overdone or underdone. In making this type of plan, there will be an area for revision or improvement without totally affecting the operation of the organisation. I.IV COMPETITION All organisation faces competition. Competition exists when various organisations offers identical products or services. There are two types of competition; direct and indirect competition. Direct competition occurs where organisations create similar products that appeal to the similar group of customers (Studies, n.d.). For example, in New Zealand there are hundreds of nursing homes that provide similar service to the aged population. On the other hand, indirect competition occurs when different businesses produce or sell products which although not in head to head competition still compete for the same money in the consumer’s pocket. For instance, a shop that sells contemporary CD’s may be indirectly competing with a movie house that attracts young consumers to spend their money on leisure activities. I.V IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY In the contemporary world of business, the HR departments are facing the challenge of standardising human resource processes by means of improving HR information. One way of achieving this is by moving away from â€Å"the way we’ve always done thing’ towards an innovative and modern technology that requires a giant step into unfamiliar aspect of the organisation. Modern technology can be advantageous to the organisation. For instance, when operational costs and spending are questioned and scrutinised, integrating HR and Payroll technology can be considered due to its efficiency. In addition to that, the current war for skills, employee experience, retention and employee engagement are more challenging now that they are increasingly mobile and assigned in various locations; however this can be handled by modernising the means of communication and coordination in the organisation. I.VI LABOUR MARKET COMPETITION Labour market can be understood as the mechanism through which human labour is bought and sold as a commodity and the means by which labour demand (the number and type of available jobs) is matched with labour supply (the number and type of available workers) (Sagepub, 2005). When numerous organisations produce similar services and products they will be competing in hiring for people with the excellent and relevant qualifications. In order to achieve the objectives of the organisation the HR department is now challenge on how to hire and attract the right people with the right skills, knowledge and attributes in the appropriate positions despite of the existing competition in the labour market. In dealing with this business factor, the HR manager can opt to design and improve HRM activities to achieve the organisation’s human resource requirements by developing existing staff and retaining their services over the long-term. I.VII EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT There are four resources that all organisations should manage well: money, equipment/machines, information and people. Investing in the development of the employees can result in their increase productivity which will directly contribute to business growth. The goal of the employee development is to improve the capabilities of the staffs and improve the organisation itself. Employee development programs may focus on individual staff or as a team. The HR managers can create and implement development programs based on the identified needs of the organisation so that the time and money invested is in line with the objectives of the business (Patton, 2002). HUMAN RESOURCE REQUIREMENT AND FACTORS THAT UNDERPINS HRM PLANNING IN A HEALTHCARE ORGANISATION II.I INTERNAL PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS If there is any job vacancy in the organisation there’s an instance when managers fill the available position with current staff. Frequently, the company will permit any current employee to apply elsewhere in the company. This type of internal recruitment will be able to help the organisation retain highly-skilled employee. Moreover, it may include reassessing the best structure of the vacancy in a specific area, and/or relate to the desirability of developing, sustaining, and retaining valued and talented member. There is also no need to promote a role if there is an acknowledged career development path within a department and the department desires to assign that role to a current staff that has developed over recent times, has the suitable experience, and is the best internal person to fulfil the specific requirements of the role. II.II INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS IN MATCHING PERSONNEL TO ORGANISATIONAL REQUIREMENTS Employee Relation Internal rules and procedures influence HR activities. For example, if the firm is dedicated to promoting from within, HR must ensure staffs obtain suitable training and development to be prepared for promotion when the time comes. HR should monitor the number of staffs qualified for retirement and ensure possible replacements or other staff members are trained to avoid an unexpected departure of business knowledge. External influences, political factors and organizational culture all influence the amount of grievances and complaints HR must attend to. Compensation Labour supply drives the extent of payment a business must offer to entice employees. In an oversaturated market, when unemployment is high and many more qualified applicants exist than job openings, the amount of compensation you must provide is less than when a shortage of candidates exists and you are competing against numerous other companies to hire workers. HR must frequently assess the compensation structure by conducting industry- and location-specific salary surveys to ensure wages remain competitive enough to attract and retain key staff members but low enough that the business remains financially competitive. HR must also ensure that the internal compensation structure is fair for example, experienced workers with specialized qualifications should earn more than recent college graduates performing the same tasks. Legislation Legislation influences all HR activities. Government and state legislation normally dictate how long an organisation must maintain personnel records and other employee information, what can be kept, and how. HR specialists must stay well-informed of legislation and train managers on their responsibilities. Human Resources are directly related to Labour and Employment law and encompass the various laws and guidelines specific to human resource professionals. It deals with the issues that HR professionals must contend with in the majority of their work functions, mainly in supervising and managing duties related to hiring, firing, employee benefits, wages, pay checks, and overtime. It may also pertain to workplace safety, privacy; and preventing discrimination and harassment. Furthermore, other common legislation matters of concern to the human resource managers include staff handbooks/manuals, creating policies and procedures, confirmatory action programs and policies, contract and salary laws, compliance audits, confidentiality agreements, substance abuse and drug testing laws, and unemployment compensation. 1

How Effective Would an Increase in Government Spending Be at Promoting Economic Growth?

How effective would an increase in government spending be at promoting economic growth? Economic growth is best defined as a long-term expansion of the productive potential of the economy. Sustained economic growth should lead higher real living standards and rising employment. Short term growth is measured by the annual % change in real GDP. Government spending is a way of increasing aggregate demand, and if successful can help boost economic growth. Government spending tends to be directed at infrastructure and maintenance, as this not only creates jobs but creates a valuable asset. (AD DIAGRAM) (AS DIAGRAM) DESCRIPTION) Some government spending is necessary for economic growth as if it were zero, enforcing contracts, protecting property and developing infrastructure would be extremely difficult. Another way of putting this is that some government spending is necessary for successfully enforcing the law. There are of course costs to increasing government spending, but there are als o many benefits. One cost is that for governments to spend money, they must first take it from someone. This is commonly achieved through taxation, which discourages productive behaviour. A balance must also be made when increasing tax.This is because an increase in tax means that businesses must either charge more or make smaller profits, so inflation will occur at an increased rate as a by product. Borrowing money is another option, but brings with it interest rates and this money must be paid back. Government spending also has the effect of displacing private-sector activity. Every pound sterling the government spends effectively means one less pound in the productive sector of the economy. There are some ways government spending can have a high rate of return, such as the maintenance of a well-functioning legal system.Unforunately governments tend not to use resources efficiently. Destructive choices are often made as a result of government spending, often through subsidising ec onomically undesirable programs. Examples of this welfare programs that encourage people not to work, as they prefer not to take the risk of being unable to find a better job, and would rather choose leisure over work. Flood insurance programs encourage construction on flood plains. Government programs likes this reduce economic growth and national output because they promote underutilisation and misallocation of national resources.One could argue that government programs that subsidise retirement and housing are bad for the economy as a person will feel that there is not need to set aside income if there are government programs that will finance these for them. Goverment spending also reduces competition. Those working in the private sector are constantly searching for ways to improve their products and reduce the cost in order to stand out from the rest, and this provides competition for others attempting to do the same, and this is a large contributor to innovation.However govern ment programs are often provided for free, or are subsidised to a certain extent, so reduce the need for competition. This does not mean that there are no positives to increased government spending. If government spending increases there can be many ancillary effects. For example, if a government were to invest in infrastructure jobs would be created in the construction of this building, and then this could be bought for (as an example) office space which would create more jobs as people would need to work in this office.With these people having jobs they would then inject more money themselves in to the economy through increased consumption. Maintenance is also necessary and increased spending on the matter can have positive effects, such as a rise in value of the area. If an area is left unmaintained the value will quickly depreciate and will negatively affect both those who work in the area, and those who live there. Low value areas often attract crime, which can be a threat to c ompanies and people.Increasing government spending on education that means that better quality education can be provided to those who can't afford private education and can only be a positive for the future. If more of us are educated well then the opportunity for a successful career increase, although it does not mean that one WILL have a successful career. However by better educating people we can increase the likelihood of long term economic growth for a country.This will be because better educated people will make better economic choices and have larger positive effects (better paid jobs mean more disposable income to flow back in to the economy, and more tax paid etc). Increases in government spending affects the aggregate demane, and these policies are known as â€Å"expansionary fiscal policy†. Expansionary fiscal policy is unlikely to affect the long term growth rate of an economy; but it likely to (in the short term) increase aggregate demand, leading to a higher out put. Unfortunately there is the side effect of increasing inflation growth rates as well.The Keynesian view states that the effectiveness of fiscal policy depends upon how close the economy is to full employment. Below a certain point, expansionary fiscal policy will increase output and reduce unemployment without increasing inflation, but as this continues it will eventually increase both output and inflation. At the point of full employment, the Keynesian view states that expasionary fiscal policy will result only in inflation. Many people would argue that the UK cannot afford to increase government spending as taxes are already very high for most people, and we simply can't afford to increase public debt.If we are to agree that increased government spending will not in the long term boost the economy, then one might argue that our efforts might be directed elsewhere. On the other hand, if we are to follow the Keynesian view we might agree that an increase in fiscal policy might b e what we need. Currently unemployment rates are very high in much of the western world, and this would be at the early stages of the model. By increasing fiscal policy we could increase output and reduce employment with little to no inflation. If money were to be invested by the government into our economy there is the possibility that it could go wrong.This could boil down either to poor handling of the money by the government, or by a negative reaction or both. If the money is spent where it is not needed, such as subsidising the low-end manufacturing industry we could see no increase in real output, as we are no longer able to compete with other parts of the world. However if the money was invested wisely, such as in high-end manufacturing and high-end services, we could see a real benefit. As was mentioned previously, there could be a lack of sufficient reaction to government spending to make it worthwhile.For example if infrastructure is built, but then nobody purchases it (e. g. it's in an undesirable area or companies can't afford the extra space/manpower). To conclude I think an increase in government spending could be successful at promoting economic growth, although this is likely to only be in the short term. However what is most important is that the money is spent wisely, where it is most needed and can be most beneficial. Too often governmental spending is inefficient (such as the subsidy of food production which led to a food surplus which was donated to Africa, meaning money was wasted).

Specific Volume Definition, Formulas, Examples

Specific volume is defined as the number of cubic meters occupied by one kilogram of matter. It is the ratio of a materials volume to its mass, which is the same as the reciprocal of its density. In other words, specific volume is inversely proportional to density. Specific volume may be calculated or measured for any state of matter, but it is most often used in calculations involving gases. The standard unit for specific volume is cubic meters per kilogram (m3/kg), although it may be expressed in terms of milliliters per gram (mL/g) or cubic feet per pound (ft3/lb).   Intrinsic and Intensive The specific part of specific volume means that it is expressed in terms of unit mass. It is an  intrinsic property of matter, which means it does not depend on sample size. Similarly, specific volume is an intensive property of matter that is unaffected by how much of a substance exists or where it was sampled. Specific Volume Formulas There are three common formulas used to calculate specific volume (ÃŽ ½): ÃŽ ½ V / m where V is volume and m is massÃŽ ½ 1 /Ï  Ï -1 where Ï  is densityÃŽ ½ RT / PM RT / P where R is the ideal gas constant, T is temperature, P is pressure, and M is molarity The second equation usually is applied to liquids and solids because they are relatively incompressible. The equation may be used when dealing with gases, but the density of a gas (and its specific volume) may change dramatically with a slight increase or decrease in temperature. The third equation only applies to ideal gases or to real gases at relatively low temperature and pressures that approximate ideal gases. Table of Common Specific Volume Values Engineers and scientists typically refer to tables of specific volume values. These representative values are for standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is a temperature of  0  Ã‚ °C (273.15 K, 32  Ã‚ °F) and pressure of 1 atm. Substance Density Specific Volume (kg/m3) (m3/kg) Air 1.225 0.78 Ice 916.7 0.00109 Water (liquid) 1000 0.00100 Salt Water 1030 0.00097 Mercury 13546 0.00007 R-22* 3.66 0.273 Ammonia 0.769 1.30 Carbon dioxide 1.977 0.506 Chlorine 2.994 0.334 Hydrogen 0.0899 11.12 Methane 0.717 1.39 Nitrogen 1.25 0.799 Steam* 0.804 1.24 Substances marked with an asterisk (*) are not at STP. Since materials arent always under standard conditions, there are also tables for materials that list specific volume values over a range of temperatures and pressures. You can find detailed tables for air and steam. Uses of Specific Volume Specific volume is most often used in engineering and in thermodynamics calculations for physics and chemistry. It is used to make predictions about the behavior of gases when conditions change. Consider an airtight chamber containing a set number of molecules: If the chamber expands while the number of molecules remains constant, the gas density decreases and the specific volume increases.If the chamber contracts while the number of molecules remains constant, the gas density increases and the specific volume decreases.If the chambers volume is held constant while some molecules are removed, the density decreases and the specific volume increases.If the chambers volume is held constant while new molecules are added, the density increases and the specific volume decreases.If the density doubles, its specific volume is halved.If specific volume doubles, density is cut in half. Specific Volume and Specific Gravity If the specific volumes of two substances are known, this information may be used to calculate and compare their densities. Comparing density yields specific gravity values. One application of specific gravity is to predict whether a substance will float or sink when placed on another substance. For example, if substance A has a specific volume of 0.358  cm3/g and substance  B has  a specific volume 0.374  cm3/g, taking the inverse of each value will yield the density. Thus, the density of A is 2.79 g/cm3 and the density of B is 2.67 g/cm3. The specific gravity, comparing the density of A to B is 1.04 or the specific gravity of B compared to A is 0.95. A is more dense than B, so A would sink into B or B would float on A. Example Calculation The pressure of a sample of steam is known to be 2500  lbf/in2 at a temperature of 1960 Rankine. If the gas constant is 0.596 what is the specific volume of the steam? ÃŽ ½ RT / P ÃŽ ½ (0.596)(1960)/(2500) 0.467  in3/lb Sources Moran, Michael (2014). Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, 8th Ed. Wiley. ISBN 978-1118412930.Silverthorn, Dee (2016). Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach. Pearson. ISBN 978-0-321-55980-7.Walker, Jear (2010)l. Fundamentals of Physics, 9th Ed. Halliday. ISBN 978-0470469088​.

Guatemala And Vietnam Analyzing Civil Conflicts

Leobardo Espinoza Jr Prof. Stathis Kalyvas PLSC 359: Violence Civil Strife Final Paper April 26th, 2015 Guatemala Vietnam: Analyzing Civil Conflicts Studying civil wars can be a very complicated endeavor. This is because the topic is very difficult to break down. When scholars study civil wars, there are many variables that can’t be controlled that can skew data. This makes finding interactions between different variables more difficult. Their complex entanglement, in addition to there being many variables to begin with, makes studying civil wars interesting yet particularly challenging. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the world was experiencing a wave of conflict proliferation. From South America to Asia and everywhere in between, many states found themselves embroiled in civil conflict. With the US fighting communism from spreading and the Soviet Union fighting to make sure it spread, many domestic issues became internationalized when super powers (more often so than not) became involved. With the rivalry between both hegemons growing more intense, countries experiencing civil conflicts found themselves aided (and so metimes occupied) by both sides. Conflicts in smaller states became proxy wars as the US and the USSR battled it out for supremacy. In both Guatemala and Vietnam, they too got caught up in the middle of the fight. Although the civil wars of both countries began close in time to one another, it is important to analyze their differences in order toShow MoreRelatedInternational Business1964 Words   |  8 Pagesrights and civil liberties around the world. Provide a description of this survey and a â€Å" freedom† ranking of the leaders and laggards of the world. What factors does this survey consider when forming the ranking? Answer: 1. 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